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1 sproti, kvistur
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2 KVISTR
(-ar; pl. -ir, acc. -u), m. twig, branch; stroke in a letter.* * *m., pl. kvistir, acc. pl. kvistu, [Dan. kvist; Swed. qvist; akin to kvísl]:—a twig, branch; tökum tvá kvistu ok leggjum á oss i mynd krossins, Fms. i. 136; þeir veltu viðjunum á drekann, ok fylgir maðr upp hverjum kvisti, Fas. ii. 188; á limar ok kvistu viðarins, Fms. vi. 153; aðrir hjuggu kvistu af trjánum, Matth. xxi. 8; sjaldan verða kvistir betri en aðaltré, O. H. L. 5; í kné gengr hnefi of kvistir þverra, Am. 69; sem fura at kvisti, Hðm. 5; sem ernir á kvisti, 31; á kykum kvisti, in a living twig, i. e. in a fair condition, D. I. i. 303; kvista fjöldi, Sks. 441: metaph., engi kvistr þorni sá er af mér blómgask, Sks. 616 B; með kvisti es, ok með ósins hring (of the cross stroke in the letter ø), Skálda 161; il-kvistir, poët. ‘foot-twigs’ = the toes, Am. 62, cp. πέντοζον in Hes. Op. 740; kvikr kvistr, live stock; hann á eigi meir í kvikum kvisti en eina kú, Mar. 1049.2. in mod. usage also a knot; tré fullt af kvistum, a tree full of knots.3. a pr. name, Landn. -
3 elma
f. branch, twig.* * *u, f. [almr], a branch, twig, Mar. 183. -
4 hrísla
f. sprig of a branch, twig.* * *u, f. a dimin. a twig or sprig of a branch, Ísl. ii. 356, Rd. 240, Ld. 52, N. G. L. i. 270, Fb. iii. 453, Barl. 56. -
5 Mistil-teinn
m. [O. H. G. mistil; Germ. mistel; A. S. mistel or mislel-tâ; Engl. mistletoe]:— the mistletoe or mistle-twig, the fatal twig by which Balder, the white sun-god, was slain, see Vsp. 36 sqq., and the legend in Edda 36, 37. After the death of Balder the Ragnarök (the last day of the heathen mythology) set in. Balder’s death was also symbolical of the victory of darkness over light, which comes every year at midwinter. The mistletoe in English households at Christmas time is, no doubt a relic of a rite lost in the remotest heathenism, for the fight of light and darkness at midwinter was a foreshadowing of the final overthrow in Ragnarök. The legend and the word are common to all Teutonic people of all ages. -
6 TEINN
(-s, -ar), m.2) spit (tók ek þeira hjörtu ok á teini steiktak);3) a stake to hang things on;4) = hlautteinn (þeir hristu teina).* * *m. [Ulf. tains = κλημα; Dan. teen, cp. Engl. tiny; A. S. tân; Engl. ‘toe’, in mistle-toe]:—a twig, sprout, of a living tree; sem mjór teinn, Stj.; hugða ek hér í túni teina fallna, þá er ek viklig vaxna láta, rifnir með rótum, Gkv. 2. 39; hón þóttisk vera stödd í grasgarði sínum, ok taka þorn einn, óx hann svá, at þat varð teinn einn mikill, Hkr. i. 71; mistil-t., the mistletoe; gamban-t., a divining-wand: of twigs for soothsaying, see hlaut; hrista teina, Hým. 1; hlaut-teinn, val-teinn, the chip chosen for soothsaying.II. a spit; þeir myndi smæra steikt hafa en hafa konunginn á teinum, Fms. viii. 414, v. l.; tók ek þeirra hjörtu ok á teini steikðak, Am. 80.2. a stake to hang things on; hlaða síld á skip, flyti ok festi upp, ef görvir eru teinar ok áðr til búnir, N. G. L. i. 140.3. a stripe in a kerchief or clothes; rauðir, bláir teinar.4. poët., sár-teinn, a wound-sprout, i. e. a sword, Landn. (in a verse); unda-teinn, id.; skarar-teinn = hair, Kormak; egg-teinar, q. v.: in pr. names, Ben-teinn, Mar-teinn. -
7 teinungr
m. sprout, twig.* * *m. a twig, sprout; viðar-t., Edda 37; vínviðis-t., Stj. 200 (cp. Goth. weina-tains). -
8 álm-sveigr
m. an elm-twig, Fas. i. 271. -
9 BAÐMR
m.1) tree;2) bosom.* * *m. [Goth. bagms; A. S. beam, cp. Engl. hornbeam; Germ. baum], a tree, only used in poetry, v. Lex. Poët., never in prose or common language, and alien to all Scandin. idioms: it seems prop. to be used of the branches of a tree (in flower); hár b., the high tree, Vsp. 18; á berki skal þær rista ok á baðmi viðar, Sdm. 11 (referring to the lim-rúnar). Even used metaph. = gremium, sinus; er þá Véa ok Vilja | létztu þér Viðris kvæn | báða í baðm um tekið, when thou tookest both of them into thy arms, embraced them both, Ls. 26; vaxi þér á baðmi ( bosom) barr, Hkv. Hjörv. 16. Cp. hróðrbaðmr (barmr is a bad reading), Vtkv. 8, a fatal twig. -
10 BÓK
* * *(gen. bókar and bœkr; pl. bœkr), f.1) beech, beechtree;2) poet. textile fabric with figures woven in it (bœkr þínar enar bláhvítu);3) book;lesa á bók, to read a book;rita á bók, setja á bœkr, to set down in writing, to put on record;kunna (festa) et útan bókar, to know (to get) by heart;heilög bók, the divine book, the bible;4) the gospel (vinna eið at bók; cf. bókareiðr);5) Latin kenna em á bók, to teach one Latin;nema á bók, to learn Latin;setja en til bókar, to put one to school (in order to make him a priest);hann heitir á bók ( in Latin) Jaskonius;svá segir (er sagt) í bókum (in Latin books);6) lawbook, code of law (lögbók, Jónsbók).* * *1.ar, f. [Lat. fāgus; Gr. φηγός; A. S. bôc; Engl. beech; Germ. buche (fem.); Swed. bok; Dan. böge, etc.]:—a beech, Edda (Gl.), Lex. Poët. Owing to the absence of trees in Icel., the word rarely occurs; moreover the collect. beyki, n., is more freq.2.gen. bókar, but also in old writers bækr, pl. bækr, [Ulf. renders by bôca the Gr. βίβλος, γράμματα, επιστολή, etc.; A. S. bôc; Engl. book; Germ. buch (neut.); Swed. bok; Dan. bog: the identity between bók fāgus and bók liber seems certain; the gender is in all Scandinavian idioms the same; modern German has made a distinction in using buche fem., buch neut.; both are akin to the Gr.-Lat. fāgus, φηγός; cp. also the analogy with Gr. βίβλος and Lat. liber ( book and bark): bók-stafr also properly means a beech-twig, and then a letter. In old times, before the invention of parchment, the bark of trees was used for writing on]:—a book.I. the earliest notion, however, of a ‘book’ in Scandin. is that of a precious stuff, a textile fabric with figures, or perhaps characters, woven in it; it occurs three or four times in old poems in this sense; bók ok blæja, bjartar váðir, Skv. 3. 47; bækr (bekr) þínar enar bláhvítu ofnar völundum (of bed-sheets?), Hðm. 7, Gh. 4: bók-rúnar, Sdm. 19, may refer to this; or is it = runes engraven on beech-wood?II. a book in the proper sense. Icel. say, rita and setja saman bók (sögu), to write and compose a book ( story); old writers prefer saying, rita ‘á’ bók (dat. or acc.) instead of ‘í,’ perhaps bearing in mind that the earliest writings were on scrolls, or even on stones or wooden slabs—barbara fraxineis pingatur runa tabellis; they also prefer to use the plur. instead of sing. without regard to volumes (as in Engl. writings); það finst ritað á bókum, Fms. i. 157; á bókum Ara prests hins Fróða, iii. 106; historia ecclesiarum á tveim (sjau) bókum, Dipl. v. 18; á bókum er sagt, Landn. (pref.); á bókum Enskum, id.; á bók þessi (acc.) lét ek rita fornar frásagnir, Hkr. (pref.); but svá segir í bók þeirri sem Edda heitir, Skálda 222; þá hluti sem frammi standa í bók þessi, 159; svá sem hann (viz. Ari) hefir sjálfr ritað í sínum bókum, Ó. H. 188; þeir er Styrmir reiknar í sinni bók, Fb. ii. 68; hér fyrr í bókinni.III. a book, i. e. a story, history (Saga), since in Icel. histories were the favourite books; cp. Íslendinga-bók, Konunga-bók, bók Styrmis; Landnáma-bók; bækr þær er Snorri setti saman, Sturl. ii. 123. It is used of the Gospel in the law phrases, sem búar virða við bók, vinna eið at bók (bókar-eiðr), of a verdict given or an oath taken by laying the hand upon the Gospel, Grág. (Þ. Þ.) several times; as the Engl. phrase ‘to swear on the book’ is common; of a code (of law) = Jóns-bók, after A. D. 1272 or 1281, Bs. i. 720, 723, vide Ann. those years; hafa bók even means to hold the book, i. e. to hold the office of lögmaðr (law-man, judge); Þórðr Narfa son hafði bók, Ann. (Hol.) A. D. 1304; á bókarinnar vegna, on the part of the book, i. e. the law, D. N. ii. 492. Mod. phrases: skrifa, rita, semja bók, to write it; lesa í bók, to read it; but syngja á bók, to sing from a book; fletta bók, to turn over the leaves; líta, blaða, í bók, to peruse, look into a book (hann lítr aldrei í bók, he never looks into a book); lesa bók ofan í kjölinn, to read a book carefully, v. lesa bók spjaldanna í milli, to read it from end to end:—sálma-bók, flokka-bók, a hymn-book; kvæða-bók, ljóða-bók, a book of poems; sögu-bók, of histories; lög-bók, of laws; Guðs orða-bók, God’s word-book, a religious book:—also of MSS., Flateyjar-bók (Cod. Flateyensis), Orms-bók, Uppsala-bók, Konungs-bók, Staðarfells-bók, Skálholts-bók, etc.:—phrases relating to books: það er allt á eina bókina lært, all learnt from the same book, i. e. all of one piece (esp. denoting one-sidedness); blindr er bóklauss maðr, blind is a bookless man; læra utan-bókar, to learn without book, by heart; bókvit, ‘bookwit,’ knowledge got from books; mannvit, mother-wit, common sense; allra manna vit er minna en þeirra er af bókum taka mannvit sitt, Sks. 22:—also, setja e-n til bækr, to set one to book, i. e. put one to school in order to make him priest; berja e-n til bækr, to thrash one to the book, i. e. into learning, Bs. i; a book has spjöld, boards; kjöl, keel, back; snið, cut; brot, size.COMPDS: bókagull, bókagörð, bókakista, bókalectari, bókalist, bókarblað, bókarbót, bókareiðr, bókareiðstafr, bókarlag, bókarskeyting, bókarskrá, bókarstóll, bókartak, bókarvitni, bókaskápr, bókasteinn, bókastokkr. -
11 eiki-vöndr
m. a twig of an oak-tree, Sks. 416. -
12 grér
m. [gróa (?)], a twig (?), only used in mod. poët. circumlocution ot a man; geira grér, örva grér, etc. -
13 hrís-bítr
m. twig-biter, a nickname, Fms. ix. -
14 krækla
u, f. a crooked twig. -
15 kvist-skæðr
adj. ‘twig-scathing,’ epithet of the sun (?), Hðm. 5. -
16 MJÓR
(mjó, mjótt), a.1) thin, slender, slim; mjótt band, a slender cord;2) pointed (m. knífsoddr);* * *adj., fem. mjó, neut. mjótt, with a characteristic v, which reappears before a vowel, thus mjóvan, mjóvar, mjóvir, mjóvum; often spelt with f, mjófan, etc.; in mod. usage by elision, mjóan, etc. The forms vary in three ways, mjór, mjár, mær, analogous to sjór, sjár, sær, α. mjár, mjá, mjátt; mjá (acc. n. pl.), Stj. 201, and foot-note 21; mjár farvegr, Fms. ix. 366, v. l.; mjátt, Js. 55, Thom. 153; miaua (= mjáva) vatni, D. N. i. 81. β. mær; mævar skeiðir, the slim, narrow ships, Fms. i. 170 (in a verse),—certainly thus, not as explained in Lex. Poët. p. 567, col. 1; as also mævar hlaupsíldr, the slim herrings, in Eyvind’s verse (Hkr. i. 185); in me-fingr = mæ-fingr = mjó-fingr, taper-fingered, epithet of a lady, Hðm.: af þeim meiði er mer (i. e. mær) sýndisk, of the twig which was slim to behold, Vsp.; in the spelling of Cod. Reg. of Sæm. Edda e, ę, or æ are freq. all written with the letter e, so that mér ( mihi) and mær ( tenuis) would all be spelt alike; this reading was suggested as early as by Rask in the edition of 1818, see Bugge’s remarks in Philol. Tidsskr. 6th vol.: in Mæv-eið (= the narrow isthmus) in Shetland, Mk. 98, called Mawid in a Videsse of 1516 A. D.; at present Mawie or Mavis-grind, as opp. to another isthmus called Brae, i. e. Breið-eið = the Broad isthmus; cp. also Moorness = the little ness, in Shetl.II. compar., an older form mjóvari, mjávari, Ýt.; superl. mjóvastr, but obsolete, and replaced by a contracted mjóri, mjóstr, in mod. usage mjórri, mjóstr.B. Thin, slim, taper; svá mjó, so slim in the waist, Bs. ii. 168; mjórar konu, Bjarn. (in a verse); mjóva mey, Korm.; mjótt band, Edda 20; mjór kvistr, Fas. iii. 33; með mjófu járni, Fær. 238; mjór Mistilteinn, Vsp.; mjófum knífsoddi, Fs. 144; mjófum fléttingum, Karl. 335; yxn mjá ok mjök visin, Stj. 201; þar sem hann var mjóstr, Fms. vii. 264:—of cloth, stiku breið en eigi mjóri, Grág. i. 498; jaðarflá vara eðr mjó, 499; sitja mjótt, Band. 38 new Ed.: sayings, mjór er mikils vísir, Fms. v. 176 (in a verse); mjótt er mundangs-hóf, Bs. i. (in a verse), Js. 55 (mjátt).2. narrow; stigrinn var mjór ok þröngr, Fær. 48; skipit var heldr mjótt, Fms. ii. 50; mjótt sund, Grett. 83; mjór farvegr, Fms. ix. 366; grafir djúpari ok mjóri, Sks. 426: a nickname, Mjóvi, the Slim, or en Mjóva. II. in local names, Mjóvi-dalr, Mjóvi-fjörðr, Mjóva-nes, Mjó-sund or Mý-syndi, Dan. Mysunde in Slesvig; Mæv-eið, Munch’s Norg. Beskr.C. COMPDS: mjó-beina or mjó-beinn, adj. slim leg, a nickname, Landn., Korm. mjó-eygr, adj. narrow-eyed, of one whose eyes are set close together, Eb. 258, see the remarks s. v. auga. mjóf-dœlingr, m. a man from Mjóvidalr, Landn. mjó-fingraðr, adj. taper-fingered, Rm. (Bugge), of a lady. mjó-hljóðaðr, adj. thin-voiced. mjó-hryggr, m. the small of the back. mjó-hundr, m. [Dan. mynde], a greyhound, Sks. 81. mjó-leitr, adj. narrow-faced, referring to the distance between the eyes, Bergb.-þ. 124, Fas. ii. 118. mjó-nefr, adj. thin nose, a nickname for a close man, Ó. H. 31. mjó-skíð, n. the slim wand, for this must be the true reading in the verse in Bjarn., the miðskipa of the MSS. = miôsciþa; and mjóskið rökra = the slim twilight wand, = a taper, is a poët. circumlocution of a lady’s name, Ey-kyndill (= Island-taper), mjó-slegin, part. beaten thin. Fas. ii. 581. mjó-syndi, n. a narrow sound, straight lane, see above. -
17 rengla
* * *u, f., dimin. [rangr], a crooked thin twig; hlykkjótt birki-rengla, a ditty, renglu-legr, adj. thin, pinched. -
18 reyr-teinn
m. a ‘reed-twig,’ cane, Fas. i. 209, Hkr. i. 79. -
19 RÝJA
* * *(rý, rúða, rúinn), v. to pluck the wool off sheep (r. gemlinga).* * *rý, rúði or rýði, part. rúinn, [Scot. roo], prop. to pluck the wool off sheep instead of shearing, as is still done in Icel.; rýja gemlinga, Sd. 155; hann görði Loptr rúinn, L. pulled it off, of a twig, Fsm.: the word is freq. in mod. usage, metaph., hnígr þá úr höndum mér, harpan strengja rúin, the harp stripped of its cords, Núm. (fine); ó-rúinn, unplucked. -
20 SNEIS
f. wooden pin.* * *f. [A. S. snâs = a spit; Ivar Aasen sneis = a twig], a skewer, by which a long sausage is skewered into a coil; Hann spurði hvar Ögmundr sneis væri?—Answer, þat er likara at þú hittir oddinn á hjalta-sneisinni (the hilt-spit, i. e. the sword’s blade) áðr sjá. dagr líðr af, Bs. i. 568; dó Bersi þar, ok fann svá sneis, er hann leitaði um daginn, 569 (a pun, for the man Ogmund was surnamed sneis); ek þóttumk hafa mörbjúga-hlut í hendi, ok var af sneisar-haldit, a sausage from which the ‘spit-hold’ had been torn off, Sturl. ii. 132; fá mér annat vápn sterkara, ok skal mér ekki sneis þessi, this switch! Sd. 118 (but in the interpolated mod. part.)II. in Dan. snees, [A. S. snâs], means twenty, prob. from the use of tallies to score by.
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